common-law
- adjective
- /ˈkɒmən lɔː/
- Specialized
- In a common-law jurisdiction, legal decisions are based on previous rulings made by judges.
- common-law judge
- common-law doctrine
- common-law principles
Examples
-
In dealing with a First Amendment claim, common-law defenses should be the last thing they look at.
Academic text (1996) -
Over time, the decisions of common-law judges will tend to converge to a common set of principles.
Academic text (2016) -
We are the only country in the common-law world that uses the American rule.
Academic text (2011) -
Plus, what if my common-law husband left me?
Academic text (2009) -
Of course, a few common-law unions did lead eventually to marriage, but most did not.
Academic text (2002) -
In analogous circumstances, federal courts would also lack the authority of common-law courts.
Academic text (2016) -
All of this has led to the conclusion that we cannot return to a simple nineteenth-century common-law arrangement.
Academic text (1997) -
There are fundamental differences between what the FTC is doing and the judicial common-law approach.
Academic text (2016) -
"It's a flexible, common-law doctrine that the courts use to interpret statutes."
Academic text (2003) -
In states without statutes, courts apply constitutional or common-law balancing tests.
Academic text (2000)
Surface Forms
Morphology
Etymology
Common-law comes from the idea of laws that are common ('shared by everyone') and law ('rule'). These were rules used across a whole country instead of different local rules, and they often came from judges' decisions, so today common-law means legal rules based on shared practice and court decisions.