Skip to main content
alluvial fan

alluvial fan

1 7.5
A fan-shaped area of sand and stones that forms where a fast stream slows and spreads at a mountain base
  • noun
  • /əˈluːviəl fæn/
  • Specialized
translation icon : abanico aluvial
  • Geologists study the structure of the alluvial fan to understand how sediment is deposited over time in mountainous regions.

Examples

  • Farmers often choose to cultivate their fields on an alluvial fan because the soil is more fertile due to the sediment deposited by the flowing water.

  • The Okavango Delta (figure 1) is one of the largest inland alluvial fans in the world (McCarthy and Ellery 1994).

    Academic text (2009)
  • Alluvial fans would have been ideal sites for growing crops during the dry season because they often have more soil moisture.

    Academic text (2002)
  • A large pagoda forest grew along the base of the rugged alluvial fan.

    Fiction book (2001)
  • The imagery shows an alluvial fan of material washed down from the rim, streaked by many apparent channels, sitting uphill of the new finds.

    Blog text (30)
  • Alluvial fans are always younger than the material beneath them, always younger than bedrock slopes along their flanks.

    Academic text (1998)
  • The Okavango Delta, Botswana, a giant oasis in the Kalahari Desert of southern Africa, is an immense alluvial fan created by the rivers that drain the highlands of Angola.

    Academic text (2009)
  • The river created an alluvial fan as it spread out at the base of the mountain, depositing rich sediment for the surrounding land.

Synonyms

alluvial cone
vsalluvial fan
  • Specialized
8.1

A wide fan of sand and stones that forms when a fast river slows at a mountain base

is identical in meaning but uses an alternative technical label in practice

How Wide

alluvial plain
  • Specialized
1 5.8
bajada
  • Specialized
1 9.8
alluvial fan
  • Specialized
1 7.5
basin
72 3.1

Surface Forms

alluvial fan singular
alluvial fans plural

Morphology

alluvial + fanned

The meaning is directly derivable from combining 'alluvial' (river-deposited sediment) with 'fan' (fan-shaped arrangement): a fan-shaped accumulation of sediment is the straightforward composition. This noun-noun/adj+noun compounding is cross-linguistically common and follows transparent semantic composition, so a learner who knows the constituents would understand it.

Etymology

Alluvial fan comes from a simple picture: alluvial means soil and stones carried by water, and fan shows the wide, 'fan-shaped' spread that appears when a fast mountain stream slows and spreads out. So the name tells us it is a wide, fan-shaped pile of river material at the mountain's base.